Operator adalah simbol yang memberi tahu prosesor PHP untuk melakukan tindakan tertentu. Misalnya, simbol penambahan ( + ) adalah operator yang memberi tahu PHP untuk menambahkan dua variabel atau nilai, sedangkan simbol lebih besar dari ( > ) adalah operator yang memberi tahu PHP untuk membandingkan dua nilai.
Daftar berikut menjelaskan berbagai operator yang digunakan dalam PHP.
Operator Aritmatika PHP
Operator aritmatika digunakan untuk melakukan operasi aritmetika umum, seperti penambahan, pengurangan, penggandaan (multiplication), dll. Berikut adalah daftar lengkap operator aritmatika PHP:
| Operator | Description | Example | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
+ | Addition | $x + $y | Sum of $x and $y |
- | Subtraction | $x - $y | Difference of $x and $y. |
* | Multiplication | $x * $y | Product of $x and $y. |
/ | Division | $x / $y | Quotient of $x and $y |
% | Modulus | $x % $y | Remainder of $x divided by $y |
Contoh berikut akan menunjukkan kepada kalian bagaimana operator aritmatika ini bekerja:
<?php
$x = 10;
$y = 4;
echo($x + $y); // 0utputs: 14
echo($x - $y); // 0utputs: 6
echo($x * $y); // 0utputs: 40
echo($x / $y); // 0utputs: 2.5
echo($x % $y); // 0utputs: 2
?>
Operator Assignment PHP
Operator assignment digunakan untuk menetapkan nilai ke variabel.
| Operator | Description | Example | Is The Same As |
|---|---|---|---|
= | Assign | $x = $y | $x = $y |
+= | Add and assign | $x += $y | $x = $x + $y |
-= | Subtract and assign | $x -= $y | $x = $x - $y |
*= | Multiply and assign | $x *= $y | $x = $x * $y |
/= | Divide and assign quotient | $x /= $y | $x = $x / $y |
%= | Divide and assign modulus | $x %= $y | $x = $x % $y |
Contoh berikut akan menunjukkan kepada kalian bagaimana operator assignment ini bekerja:
<?php
$x = 10;
echo $x; // Outputs: 10
$x = 20;
$x += 30;
echo $x; // Outputs: 50
$x = 50;
$x -= 20;
echo $x; // Outputs: 30
$x = 5;
$x *= 25;
echo $x; // Outputs: 125
$x = 50;
$x /= 10;
echo $x; // Outputs: 5
$x = 100;
$x %= 15;
echo $x; // Outputs: 10
?>
Operator Perbandingan PHP
Operator pembanding digunakan untuk membandingkan dua nilai secara Boolean.
| Operator | Name | Example | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
== | Equal | $x == $y | True if $x is equal to $y |
=== | Identical | $x === $y | True if $x is equal to $y, and they are of the same type |
!= | Not equal | $x != $y | True if $x is not equal to $y |
<> | Not equal | $x <> $y | True if $x is not equal to $y |
!== | Not identical | $x !== $y | True if $x is not equal to $y, or they are not of the same type |
< | Less than | $x < $y | True if $x is less than $y |
> | Greater than | $x > $y | True if $x is greater than $y |
>= | Greater than or equal to | $x >= $y | True if $x is greater than or equal to $y |
<= | Less than or equal to | $x <= $y | True if $x is less than or equal to $y |
Contoh berikut akan menunjukkan kepada kalian bagaimana operator perbandingan ini bekerja:
<?php
$x = 25;
$y = 35;
$z = "25";
var_dump($x == $z); // Outputs: boolean true
var_dump($x === $z); // Outputs: boolean false
var_dump($x != $y); // Outputs: boolean true
var_dump($x !== $z); // Outputs: boolean true
var_dump($x < $y); // Outputs: boolean true
var_dump($x > $y); // Outputs: boolean false
var_dump($x <= $y); // Outputs: boolean true
var_dump($x >= $y); // Outputs: boolean false
?>
Operator Penambahan (Incrementing) dan Pengurangan (Decrementing) PHP
Operator penambahan / pengurangan digunakan untuk menambah / mengurangi nilai variabel.
| Operator | Name | Effect |
|---|---|---|
++$x | Pre-increment | Increments $x by one, then returns $x |
$x++ | Post-increment | Returns $x, then increments $x by one |
--$x | Pre-decrement | Decrements $x by one, then returns $x |
$x-- | Post-decrement | Returns $x, then decrements $x by one |
Contoh berikut akan menunjukkan kepada kalian bagaimana operator penambahan dan pengurangan ini bekerja:
<?php
$x = 10;
echo ++$x; // Outputs: 11
echo $x; // Outputs: 11
$x = 10;
echo $x++; // Outputs: 10
echo $x; // Outputs: 11
$x = 10;
echo --$x; // Outputs: 9
echo $x; // Outputs: 9
$x = 10;
echo $x--; // Outputs: 10
echo $x; // Outputs: 9
?>
Operator Logical PHP
Operator logis biasanya digunakan untuk menggabungkan pernyataan conditional.
| Operator | Name | Example | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
and | And | $x and $y | True if both $x and $y are true |
or | Or | $x or $y | True if either $x or $y is true |
xor | Xor | $x xor $y | True if either $x or $y is true, but not both |
&& | And | $x && $y | True if both $x and $y are true |
|| | Or | $x || $y | True if either $$x or $y is true |
! | Not | !$x | True if $x is not true |
Contoh berikut akan menunjukkan kepada kalian bagaimana operator logis ini bekerja:
<?php
$year = 2014;
// Leap years are divisible by 400 or by 4 but not 100
if(($year % 400 == 0) || (($year % 100 != 0) && ($year % 4 == 0))){
echo "$year is a leap year.";
} else{
echo "$year is not a leap year.";
}
?>
Operator String PHP
Ada dua operator yang secara khusus dirancang untuk string.
| Operator | Description | Example | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
. | Concatenation | $str1 . $str2 | Concatenation of $str1 and $str2 |
.= | Concatenation assignment | $str1 .= $str2 | Appends the $str2 to the $str1 |
Contoh berikut akan menunjukkan kepada kalian bagaimana operator string ini bekerja:
<?php
$x = "Hello";
$y = " World!";
echo $x . $y; // Outputs: Hello World!
$x .= $y;
echo $x; // Outputs: Hello World!
?>
Operator Array PHP
Operator array digunakan untuk membandingkan array:
| Operator | Name | Example | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
+ | Union | $x + $y | Union of $x and $y |
== | Equality | $x == $y | True if $x and $y have the same key/value pairs |
=== | Identity | $x === $y | True if $x and $y have the same key/value pairs in the same order and of the same types |
!= | Inequality | $x != $y | True if $x is not equal to $y |
<> | Inequality | $x <> $y | True if $x is not equal to $y |
!== | Non-identity | $x !== $y | True if $x is not identical to $y |
Contoh berikut akan menunjukkan kepada kalian bagaimana operator array ini bekerja:
<?php
$x = array("a" => "Red", "b" => "Green", "c" => "Blue");
$y = array("u" => "Yellow", "v" => "Orange", "w" => "Pink");
$z = $x + $y; // Union of $x and $y
var_dump($z);
var_dump($x == $y); // Outputs: boolean false
var_dump($x === $y); // Outputs: boolean false
var_dump($x != $y); // Outputs: boolean true
var_dump($x <> $y); // Outputs: boolean true
var_dump($x !== $y); // Outputs: boolean true
?>
Operator PHP Spaceship PHP 7
PHP 7 memperkenalkan operator spaceship yang baru (<=>) yang dapat digunakan untuk membandingkan dua expression. Ia juga dikenal sebagai operator perbandingan gabungan.
Operator spaceship mengembalikan 0 jika kedua operand sama, 1 jika kiri lebih besar, dan -1 jika kanan lebih besar. Ini pada dasarnya menyediakan perbandingan three-way seperti yang ditunjukkan pada tabel berikut:
| Operator | <=> Equivalent |
|---|---|
$x < $y | ($x <=> $y) === -1 |
$x <= $y | ($x <=> $y) === -1 || ($x <=> $y) === 0 |
$x == $y | ($x <=> $y) === 0 |
$x != $y | ($x <=> $y) !== 0 |
$x >= $y | ($x <=> $y) === 1 || ($x <=> $y) === 0 |
$x > $y | ($x <=> $y) === 1 |
Contoh berikut akan menunjukkan kepada kalian bagaimana operator spaceship ini bekerja:
<?php
// Comparing Integers
echo 1 <=> 1; // Outputs: 0
echo 1 <=> 2; // Outputs: -1
echo 2 <=> 1; // Outputs: 1
// Comparing Floats
echo 1.5 <=> 1.5; // Outputs: 0
echo 1.5 <=> 2.5; // Outputs: -1
echo 2.5 <=> 1.5; // Outputs: 1
// Comparing Strings
echo "x" <=> "x"; // Outputs: 0
echo "x" <=> "y"; // Outputs: -1
echo "y" <=> "x"; // Outputs: 1
?>